Replacement sought

Options for reducing gas imports from

Russia according to EU planning,

in billion cubic meters

155.0

EU gas imports 2021

53.5

not replaceable

in the short term

potentially replaceable

by the end of 2022

through:

101.5

50.0

liquid natural gas

imports

20.0

generation of electricity

through wind and solar

power*

14.0

energy savings

10.0

imports through other

gas pipelines

3.5

production of biogas

2.5

solar plants

1.5

heat pumps

* instead of gas

Source: The Oxford Institute for

Energy Studies